If your pregnant dog is nearing the end of her gestation period, you’ll want to be prepared for labor and delivery. Recognizing the signs of labor ensures you can support your dog through the process and keep her and her puppies safe.
This guide will walk you through the key symptoms, behavioral changes, and physical signs that indicate your dog is about to give birth.
Understanding Dog Pregnancy and Labor
How Long Is a Dog Pregnant?
A dog’s pregnancy typically lasts 58 to 68 days (about 9 weeks). The exact timing can vary based on breed and litter size.
Stages of Dog Labor
- Stage 1: Early labor (can last 6-12 hours)
- Stage 2: Active labor (puppy delivery begins)
- Stage 3: Placenta delivery and aftercare
How to Know When Your Dog Is in Labor
Drop in Body Temperature
A major sign of impending labor is a drop in rectal temperature.
- Normal temperature: 101-102.5°F (38-39°C)
- 12-24 hours before labor: Drops to 98-99°F (36-37°C)
How to check:
- Use a digital thermometer (inserted gently into the rectum)
- Check twice a day starting a week before the due date
Restlessness and Nesting Behavior
Your dog may start nesting by:
- Digging or scratching at bedding
- Moving blankets or towels to create a comfortable birthing area
- Seeking a quiet, secluded space
Loss of Appetite
Many dogs stop eating 12-24 hours before labor due to hormonal changes. Some may also vomit or have mild diarrhea.
Increased Panting and Shivering
Your dog may show physical discomfort by:
- Panting heavily
- Pacing or whining
- Trembling or shivering, even if the room is warm
Frequent Urination and Digging
As labor approaches, your dog may:
- Urinate more frequently due to pressure from the puppies
- Dig or scratch at the floor or bedding in preparation
Mucus Discharge and Water Breaking
A clear or slightly bloody mucus discharge signals that labor is imminent. If the water breaks, active labor usually starts within a few hours.
Visible Contractions and Straining
Once active labor begins, you will see:
- Abdominal contractions (tightening and releasing of the belly)
- Heavy panting between contractions
- Straining as the first puppy moves into position
What to Do When Labor Starts
Prepare a Whelping Area
- Use a whelping box with clean, soft bedding
- Keep the area quiet and stress-free
- Ensure the room is warm (75-80°F or 24-27°C)
Stay Calm and Observe
- Let your dog handle the process naturally
- Offer gentle reassurance but avoid interfering unless necessary
Contact a Veterinarian If Needed
Call a vet if:
- No puppies arrive after 30-60 minutes of strong contractions
- The dog appears exhausted or in distress
- More than 2-3 hours pass between puppies
Recognizing the early signs of labor ensures you can support your dog and her puppies safely. By monitoring temperature, behavior, and contractions, you’ll know when labor starts and be prepared for a smooth whelping process.
So, stay calm, observant, and ready, and soon you’ll welcome a litter of adorable puppies!